Ultrasonography and Electromyography Activity of Abdominal Muscles in Different Abdominal Exercises: A Systematic Review

SUMMARY Objective. The aim of this study was to systematically review current literature on the effectiveness of various exercises and modifications on thickness and electrical activity of abdominal muscles using ultrasonography and electromyography in healthy adults. Methods. An electronic search was carried out on PubMed, Web of science, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Cochrane and Science Direct … Continued

The Effect of Contraction Type and Training Volume in Unilateral Exercises on Cross-Education: A Narrative Review Study

SUMMARY Objective. The effect of unilateral exercises on the untrained limb, usually called “cross-education,” can help treat immobility. Review studies in 2017 have shown that type of contraction, volume, and intensity of training are effective on the rate of cross-education. Therefore, this review study aimed at the kind of contraction and the volume of training on crossed education. Methods. … Continued

An Ecological Dynamics Perspective of Return to Play Decision-Making for Extreme Sport Athletes

SUMMARY Background. Extreme sport participation occurs for many reasons. A commonality for many is the high risk of serious injury or death, particularly in association with mismanaged execution. Methods. This review describes a conceptual return to play decision-making model for extreme sport athletes based on considerations of ecological dynamics. Result. In guiding the extreme sport … Continued