Background. Muscle spasticity causes disability in children with cerebral palsy. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy has proved to be effective in managing hypertonic muscles. Shear wave elastography can objectively assess tissue elasticity properties. The aim of the present study was to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of defocused extracorporeal shockwaves in reducing soleus muscle contracture in a group of children with cerebral palsy by using point shear wave elastography, and 2) analyse the correlation between the Modified Ashworth Scale and ultrasound elasticity index.
Methods. Children with spastic cerebral palsy (n = 21) were administered extracorporeal shockwave therapy (5 sessions at weekly interval, 500 defocused shockwaves per session, 0.25 mJ/mm2, 3 Hz). The effects were measured by means of point shear wave elastography 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy. Results. Linear mixed effects modelling showed significant reduction of muscle stiffness, with the predicted greatest effect at the 13th week after completion of treatment. Analysis of covariance confirmed the correlation between the Modified Ashworth Scale and ultrasound elasticity index.
Conclusions. Point shear wave elastography confirmed the effectiveness of defocused extracorporeal shockwaves in reducing muscles contracture in children with cerebral palsy. We recommend the use of this technique for the clinical assessment of spastic patients.
Usefulness of point shear wave elastography to assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwaves on spastic muscles in children with cerebral palsy: an uncontrolled experimental study
B. Corrado, M. Albano, M.G. Caprio, C. Di Luise, M. Sansone, V. Servodidio, S. Russo, G. Vallone, E.A. Vola, C. Servodio Iammarrone
Original Article, 124 - 130
Keywords: cerebral palsy, elasticity imaging techniques, extracorporeal shockwave therapy, muscle spasticity,
Table of Content: Vol.9 (No.1) 2019 January/March
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M.L.T.J. – Muscle, Ligaments and Tendons Journal: 2019 The way forward
N. MaffulliEditorial, 1 -
Short term evaluation of the hamstring graft diameter after ACL reconstruction
D. Costa Astur, D. Pires, T. Parente, P. Debieux, C. Cohen Kaleka, A. Skaf, M. CohenOriginal Article, 3 - 7 -
The efficacy of bi-component carboxymethylcellulose-polysaccharide B as a hemostatic and anti-adherent agent at the tibial insertion of the hamstring tendons after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
D. Costa Astur, F. Caracatto Baras, R. Moukbel Chaim, J. J. Krob, G. Gonçalves Arliani, G. Taniguti de Oliveira, M. CohenOriginal Article, 8 -13 -
Multi-ligament injures of the knee: does the age matter? A long-term retrospective study
N. Zimmermann, L.B. Moser, M.T. HirschmannOriginal Article, 14 -20 -
The use of robotics devices in knee rehabilitation: a critical review
R. Wilmart, E. Garone, B. InnocentiOriginal Article, 21 - 48 -
Iliotibial band syndrome: can the lateral femoral epicondyle play a role? An anatomic study of individual variation in epicondyle prominence
J.S. Everhart, A. Di Bartola, A.M.W. Chaudhari, D.C. FlaniganOriginal Article, 49 - 54 -
Anterior cruciate ligament deficiency: rotational instability in the transverse plane. A preliminary laboratory in vivo study
A. Ferrer, R. Twycross-Lewis, N. MaffulliOriginal Article, 55 -61 -
Gait disturbances in football, rugby players and skiers following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
M.C. Zielinski, R. Twycross Lewis, R. Woledge, N. MaffulliOriginal Article, 62 - 69 -
ACL biomechanical risk factors on single-leg drop-jump: a cohort study comparing football players with and without history of lower limb injury
S. Daoukas, N. Malliaropoulos, N. MaffulliOriginal Article, 70 - 75 -
Posterior meniscal root repair: a biomechanical comparison between human and porcine menisci
L. Camarda, E. Bologna, D. Pavan, F. Morello, F. Monachino, F. Giacco, M. ZingalesOriginal Article, 76 - 81 -
Return to play after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: trans-tibial versus antero-medial technique
A. Tucciarone, L. Godente, F. Netti, F. Martinelli, R. Fabbrini,L. Del Ferraro, R. D’OnofrioOriginal Article, 82 - 89 -
Ultrasonography changes at quadriceps tendon donor site in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Is it consistent with regeneration?
D. Nalla, S. Kumar Nema, D. Barathi, G. BalajiOriginal Article, 89 - 94 -
Vascular structures and relationship to intramuscular fat in supraspinatus muscle following tendon detachment and reattachment – an experimental study in rabbits
M. MacIntyre-Newell, H.K. Uhthoff, G. Trudel, O. LaneuvilleOriginal Article, 95 - 104 -
Complete rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in an isolated closed injury. A systematic literature and qualitative analysis
D.L. Kerr, S. Butler, K. Thompson, A. HiggsOriginal Article, 105 - 111 -
Platelet-rich plasma in hamstring muscle injuries in professional soccer players. A pilot study
E. Bezuglov, N. Maffulli, A. Tokareva, E. AchkasovOriginal Article, 112 - 118 -
Morphological variants of nerve to gastrocnemius muscle, an anatomical guide to perform surgical dissection
V. Prathapamchandra, L. V. Prabhu, M. M. Pai, B.V. Murlimanju, R. VadgaonkarOriginal Article, 119 - 123 -
Usefulness of point shear wave elastography to assess the effects of extracorporeal shockwaves on spastic muscles in children with cerebral palsy: an uncontrolled experimental study
B. Corrado, M. Albano, M.G. Caprio, C. Di Luise, M. Sansone, V. Servodidio, S. Russo, G. Vallone, E.A. Vola, C. Servodio IammarroneOriginal Article, 124 - 130 -
A morphometric study of the popliteus myotendinous complex with its clinical aspects
P. C. Vani, V. RaveendranathOriginal Article, 131 - 137 -
Efficacy of triamcinolone injection with or without oral meloxicam for treatment of anserine syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial
S. Thiengwittayaporn, S. Phatwong, N. Kangkano, N. CharoenphandhuOriginal Article, 138 - 144 -
Correlation of Handgrip Strength to Postoperative Outcomes in Rotator Cuff Repair: A Preliminary Report
Y. Karanjkar, A. Prabhu, K. VishalOriginal Article, 145 - 149 -
Combined anatomic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate and anterolateral ligaments
N. Maffulli, F. Oliva, A. OlivieroOriginal Article, 150-155